Source:DNA Matches
DNA testing is becoming a useful tool for verifying connections, making new connections, and suggesting avenues of research.
Wallen/Walden
- Wallen
- Swedish - Wallén, ‘grassy bank’, ‘pasture’ < from vall + -én < Latin, -enius.
- Walden
- English - "habitational name from any of the places, in Essex, Hertfordshire, and North Yorkshire, named Walden, from Old English w(e)alh ‘foreigner’, ‘Briton’, ‘serf’ (see Wallace) + denu ‘valley’."
The following data comes from YDNA testing of Ronald J Cox. For any data entered into this page, living individuals should not be referred to in a directly identifiable way unless they have given permission to appear on this wiki. (This should be the case if they already have a page.)
The closest and most promising match of all comes from a set of lines that don't even have the same surname. All of these matches suggest a single common Cox ancestor. Possible scenarios include infidelity, premarital sex, early marriage followed by divorce and remarriage, or adoption. This connection appears to be at or just a little older than each line's oldest identified ancestor.
| Line | Dist. Marker 37 | Dist. Marker 25 | Dist. Marker 12 | Most Distant Ancestor | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1 | 1 | 0 | George Washington Walden/Wallen(Campbell Co TN?) | |
| B | 2 | 2 | 0 | Evan Walden, b. 1776 and d. 1852 | |
| C | 2 | 2 | No datum | Evan Walden b.1776 TN | Match doesn't show up when I include marker 12 in search. Seems to be hidden. |
| D | No datum | No datum | 0 | Evan Walden b.1776 TN | Seems to be an odd entry in the database. Can't get contact info. Can't see how many markers were tested. Possibly due to privacy settings. |
A family tree is available for line B which shows (most-distant to least-distant):
| Walden Family Line | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
This chart makes clear that line A is common with the other lines, even though it shows a different most-distant-ancestor.
Since it is not certain how the other lines connect or diverge, it would not seem possible to mix results to get refined statistics on where a common ancestor would be expected to be. Line B will be used for most statistical analysis.
The Cox family line is, for comparison, provided below:
| Cox Family Line | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J-L70 | ||||||||
|
6 generations back from Ronald J Cox would be the earliest likely candidate, which gives us William Cox. 6 generations back from Subject B in the Walden family line brings us to the father of Evan Walden. We might be able to almost completely eliminate an earlier common ancestor if we knew that lines C or D descended from Evan Walden through a different son. (I don't know enough about him to know even whether he had more than one son.) So, it would seem that William Cox, or one of his near ancestors would be the most recent common ancestor.
High Level Statistical Analysis
Based on markers 37 and 12, we would estimate the distance to the most recent common ancestor would be about 6 or 7 generations, with a significantly smaller 90% confidence interval. However, taking marker 25 into account would seem to broaden the results a bit. Without doing any low-level analysis, I would estimate an expectation value of about 8 generations. (I hope to do some low level analysis in the future.)
Taking line A into consideration would suggest a smaller expectation value, but without more detail on the line, it would seem impossible to add this to my analysis in any very valuable way beyond this mere suggestion, so it will probably not be attempted.
We were able to control against the possibility that the common ancestor was a Walden by comparing Wallen/Walden matches with Cox matches. Wallen and Walden matches are all listed above, and all trace back to a common ancestor somewhere more recent than the expectation value for the most recent common ancestor for lines A and B. More particularly, each individual match can be shown to have a similar or more recent expectation value for the number of generations to the most recent common ancestor when compared with our line. This suggests that these Waldens form a distinct unrelated group from other Waldens. On the other hand, when comparing with other coxes, we have 2 of 16 matches that show a statistically significant likelihood that the most recent common ancestor is older than the one connecting us to the Waldens/Wallens. (Many of the other results may be older, but simply don't provide enough data to draw an obviously meaningful distinction along these lines.) This suggests that the Cox line is related to other Cox lines very generally. This result was confirmed by an interested party connected to line B, from their perspective. Even further, they had noted that they simply weren't in the same haplogroup as most Wallens/Waldens. Their line had appeared out of place.
Subject B's Autosomal Match
Subject B has been found to have an autosomal DNA match with a descendant of William Cox's daughter, Nancy Cox, sharing 46 centimorgans on one segment.
Barthena and the Callums/Kellums
- Kellum
- Variant spelling of Kellam < English - habitational name for someone from Kelham in Nottinghamshire, so named from the dative plural of Old Norse kjolr ‘(place at) the ridges’.
- Callum
- Scottish - reduced form of McCallum. < Gaelic - Mac Coluim ‘son of Colum’ < Latin - columba ‘dove’
The following data comes from autosomal DNA testing of Steve Caputo, and as communicated by Steve Caputo via email. Steve is a 4th Great Grandson of Greenberry and Barthena Cloud.
Specifically, Steve Caputo is the
son of Sandra Carlson, who is the
daughter of Donald Carlson, who is the
son of Bertha Cloud, who is the
daughter of John B Cloud, who is the
son of John Benjamin Cloud, who is the
son of Greenberry and Barthena Cloud.
Steve found a match with a couple descendants of a John Gilbert Kellum Jr. and his wife Mary Pippen. One of the matches was particularly good measuring 26.3 centimorgans and the descendant was a 3rd great grandson. The other match measured 8.7 centimorgans and represents a 4th great grandson, which seems fairly reasonable. On the face of it, the degree of separation would lead me to suspect that Gilbert and Mary are Barthena's parents.
Gilbert was born between 1730 and 1735 in Ireland or England, per descendants' records and died about 1809 at the age of 79 in Knox County, Kentucky. He is also reported to be a signer of a petition in Russell county, Virginia to form Lee County, Virginia Dated 5 Dec 1792, which puts him in the right place at the right time.
Barthena is listed as a daughter of William Cox in the abstract of his will. However, the actual will has not been found, and Barthena's birthdate seems rather late, which has caused many to doubt whether she was actually William's daughter, myself included. The way the abstract was written suggested that some of the children, Barthena included, might have actually been Callums. However, for some of those children, additional records verify that they have the surname Cox, which would seem to negate the reasoning that suggested any of them were Callums. Nevertheless, we have this DNA match suggesting Callums again for Barthena.
Resources
- "Paternal Lineage Tests", Family Tree DNA (Provides data on statistical significance of most markers.)
- "Understanding Your Y-DNA25 Results", Family Tree DNA (Provides data on statistical significance of marker 25 distance matches.)
- "Autosomal DNA statistics" - International Society of Genetic Genealogy Wiki